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Pier Paolo Pasolini Pages in the World Canada |
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Pasolini in Friuli . Pier Paolo Pasolini was born on the 5th of March 1922 in Bologna. He was the eldest son of the infantry lieutenant Alberto Pasolini and Susanna Colussi, a school-teacher. His father, from an old family in Ravenna, spent the family's patrimony. He married Susanna in 1921 in Casarsa before the couple moved to Bologna. "I was born in a family representative of Italian society: the product of a genuine cultural mixing and Italian unity. My father descended from an ancient noble family of Romagna. On the other hand my mother comes from a family of Friulian farmers who have become, step by step, lower middle-class people. The relatives of my mother's father were distillers. The mother of my mother was Piedmontese, but that didn't prevent her from having contacts with Sicily and the Rome region."The Pasolinis didn't stay in Bologna for long; they moved to Parma, Conegliano, Belluno, Sacile, Idria, Cremona, Bologna again, and other towns of North Italy. "They have made a nomad of me. I passed from one camp to another. I never had a fixed abode".In 1925, in Belluno, the second born-son, Guido, was born. Considering the family's constant relocation, the only landmark for the Pasolinis was Casarsa. Pier Paolo's relationship with his mother remained friendly while the conflicts with his father increased. "Every evening I dreaded dinner time, because I knew that he would have done one of his scenes... Then came my initial separation from my mother which created a childhood neurosis. That neurosis made me restless, a restlessness in which I perpetually questioned my own being (...). When my mother was going to bear, I began to suffer from burning eyes. My father immobilized me on the table of the kitchen, opened my eyes with his fingers and poured in collyrium. After that symbolic event I was no longer able to love my father."Referring to his mother: "She told me stories, fables, she read them to me. My mother was like Socrates to me. She had and has a terribly idealistic and idealized vision of the world. She really believes in heroism, in charity, in piety, in generosity. I have adopted all that almost in a pathologic way."He enjoyed a close relationship with his brother Guido. Guido had a kind of veneration for his older brother, who was good in his studies and in games with the other boys. That admiration continued to the end. During the boys' early school years the family moved often but these moves failed to impede Pier Paolo's progress. He entered elementary school a year early. In 1928 there was the poetical exordium: Pier Paolo filled a little notebook with a series of pictures. That little note-book was followed by others. It would ultimately be lost during the war. He passed from elementary school to the grammar school of Conegliano. In those years he wrote a passage known as Teta veleta, that Pasolini later explained: "It was in Belluno, I was a little more than 3 years old. As the boys played in the public gardens in front of my house what struck me most of all was their legs, particularly the internal convex part of the knee, where the tendons stretch out while running. I saw in those quick tendons a symbol of life that I hadn't yet attained. That image of the running boy for me represented the grown-up being. Now I know that it was a distinctly sensual sentiment.Pasolini indeed stated: "My infancy ended when I was 13. For all of us 13 is infancy's old age so it's a time of great wisdom. It was a happy period of my life. I had been the cleverest in school. As the Summer of '34 began, a period of my life had finished. I had ended one experience and I was ready to start another. The days leading up to the Summer of '34 were some of the nicest and most glorious of my life".Pier Paolo finished high school when he was 17 and matriculated in Literature at the University of Bologna. During his high school years he created, together with Luciano Serra, Franco Farolfi, Ermes Parmi (whose name was borrowed by Guido Pasolini during his partisan activities in Osoppo), Fabio Mauri, a literary group of the GIL of Bologna. During this period Pasolini wrote poems in Italian and Friulian that were gathered in a first volume, Poesie a Casarsa. Pasolini contributed to a magazine, Stroligut and together with other literary male friends he created the Academiuta di lenga furlana ["little Academy of Friulian language", t.n.]. Dialect represented a sort of opposition to fascist power: "Fascism didn't tolerate dialects, signs / of the irrational unity of this Country were I was born / inadmissible and imprudent relatives in the heart of the Nazis."The use of dialect also represented an attempt to deprive the Church of its cultural hegemony over the underdeveloped masses. In fact the Left preferred to use the Italian language and excluding the sporadical cases of Jacobinism, the use of dialect has been a clerical prerogative. Pasolini attempted to bring to the Left a deepening of the culture of dialect. The return to Casarsa during his university years represented the return to a happy place for Pasolini. He wrote to Silvana Ottieri in a letter of April '47: "The fact that it was Holy Saturday didn't matter at all. If you had seen the colours of the horizon and of the countryside! When the train stopped to Sacile, in a very dense silence, like the last Tule, I listened again to the bells. There, behind the railway station of Sacile was, heading into the country, a road. I had either run along it during my infancy or I had dreamed of it..."
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* * * Pier Paolo Pasolini, La vie: Né à Bologna en 1922, premier enfant de l'officiel de l'armée Carlo Alberto Pasolini e de Susanna Colussi, sa femme, institutrice d'école de Casarsa della Delizia dans la region du Friuli, en Italie, Pier Paolo Pasolini passe son enfance dans beaucoup de villes du Nord de l'Italie. Il est à Conegliano (1927) à l'école primaire, et ensuite à Belluno (19259), où est né son frère Guido. Après, il est encore à Conegliano pour fréquenter le lycée, école qu'il continue à Cremona et Reggio Emilia (voir quelques photos de l'enfance de Pasolini)... Je suis un hommeEn 1936, Pier Paolo Pasolini revient avec sa famille à Bologna, où il va obtenir le baccalauréat au lycée "Galvani" et ensuite il commence ses études universitaires en Lettres et Philosophie: ses professeurs étaient Carlo Calcaterra et Roberto Longhi, qui sera son professeur d'Histoire de l'Art et ensuite ami et en plusieurs circonstances collaborateur et conseiller. . Il commence quelques diverses techniques de peintre et il produit - jusqu'en 1947 - des études et peint [on peut voir certains exemples de cette activité dans la séction "Pasolini pittore" (Pasolini peintre)]. A cette époque (entre 1937 et 1944) Pasolini avait plusieurs d'amis: son cousin Nico Naldini, Fabio et Silvana Mauri, Luciano Serra, Roberto Roversi, Francesco Leonetti, Giovanna Bemporad. Avec Roversi, Serra et Leonetti, il créa, en 1942, la revue littéraire "Eredi" ("Héritages") et après "Il setaccio" ("Le tamis") avec Fabio Mauri et d'autres amis. Aussi dans cette période il lit Shakespeare et les oeuvres poétiques de Pascoli et Leopardi jusqu'à Rimbaud et Attilio Bertolucci. En 1943 la famille Pasolini réside à Casarsa (Versutta) à cause de la guerre et des nombreux bombardements sur les grandes villes. Sortent ses "Vilote" (forme de chansons) et un livre de "Saggi", essais qui Pasolini écrit sur la mort. En cette époque, avec Giovanna Bemporad, Pasolini fait des cours à Casarsa pour jeunes fils et filles qui, à cause de la guerre, n'ont pas la chance de fréquenter régulièrement l'école. Il part pour son service militaire pour une semaine (du 1er au 8 septembre du 1943) et qui terminera par l'armistice entre l'Italie et les alliés: Pasolini s'en fuit à pied vers Casarsa. Au mois de février du 1944 son frère Guido, engagé dans la division partisane "Osoppo" est tué à Porzûs par des partisans titoistes. Je pleure encore, chaque fois que j'y pense,.Les liens entre lui et sa mère et entre elle et le dialecte frioulane, son séjour à Casarsa pendant la guerre et ses expériences avec l'"Academiuta de lenga furlana" (l'"Académie de la langue frioulane"), fondée en 1944 pour les recherches et la diffusion de la culture frioulane, lui poussa à exprimer un délicat et fantastique monde poétique, témoigné par nombreuses poèmes publiés sous le titre de "Poesie a Casarsa" (1941-43), et après réunis avec des autres poèmes dans "La meglio gioventù" ("La meilleure jeunesse") en 1954 (on aura la refonte de ces poèmes en 1975, avec le titre "La nuova gioventù" ["La nouvelle jeunesse"]). Le plus grand affaire de ma vie a été ma mèreEn avril et en août du 1944 paraissent deux numéros du "Stroligut di cà da l'aga", comprenant d'écrits en dialecte de Casarsa. Dans cette année il commence à écrire les poèmes qui sortiront avec le titre de "L'usignolo della Chiesa cattolica" ("Le rossignol de l'Eglise catolique"). Il fait paraître aussi "I Diari" ("Les carnets"). En 1947, à Casarsa, Pasolini s'inscrit au Pci (Parti Communiste Italien): cette expérience aura un reflet sur les thèmes des ses oeuvres, les poèmes de "L'usignolo della Chiesa cattolica" (publié en 1958), le roman "Il sogno di una cosa" "Le rêve d'une chose" (publié en 1962), dedié sourtout aux luttes sociales des masses paysannes frioulanes. En ces ans il écrit aussi deux contes biographiques, "Atti impuri" et "Amado mio". En 1947 Pasolini était aussi professeur dans une école à Valvasone. En 1949, après avoir été mis en examen pour un soupçon détournement de mineur, il est exclu du Pci et il perd aussi son employ de professeur. Pendant l'hiver du 1949 il quitte Casarsa avec sa mère et il va s'installer à Rome où tous les deux vivront dans un quartier pauvre. Pasolini travaille, gagnant son pain comme professeur d'école tant que correcteur d'épreuves et journaliste (collaborations avec "Il popolo di Roma", "La fiera letteraria", "Il mondo" etc.) ; sa mère fut obligée pour quelques temps de s'embaucher comme femme de ménage. Son père les rejoindra seulement en 1951. Je m'enfuis avec ma mère, une valise et quelques bijoux qui se
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