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Pasolini a New York
Understanding
Pasolini by Revisiting His Work
By A. O. Scott
Published: November 23, 2007

Poet, playwright, screenwriter, filmmaker, Communist, Christian, moralist, pornographer, populist, artist: 32 years after he was murdered by a teenage hustler (who later tried to recant his confession), Pier Paolo Pasolini remains, perhaps above all, a subject for furious argument. In an era when Italy produced a bumper crop of difficult, passionate artists, especially in the cinema, he may have been the most difficult of all, and arguably the most prodigiously talented.

Anna Magnani and Ettore Garofolo in ?“Mamma Roma?” (1962)
No single institution, art form or political tendency could contain his angry, exquisite energies, so it makes sense that a New York retrospective of his work would be spread around the city, encompassing concerts, performances and exhibitions as well as film screenings. The program, called Pier Paolo Pasolini: Poet of Ashes and organized by the Italian Cultural Institute, continues through Dec. 18. The heart of it - an 11-film program at the Film Society of Lincoln Center called Heretical Epiphanies - opens next Wednesday with a screening of Mamma Roma.?

That film, a 1962 melodrama with a molten performance by Anna Magnani at its center, remains Pasolini?’s most popular and most accessible. It is neorealism brought to the pitch of opera, with Magnani?’s incarnation of wounded, furious motherhood teetering on the edge of camp. And it shows a class consciousness that goes far beyond the social concern of some of Pasolini?’s contemporaries, into a lower-depths romanticism that has more in common with Jean Genet (or, to risk anachronism, with Rainer Werner Fassbinder) than with De Sica or Visconti.

Una scena di 'Accattone', 1961
For Pasolini, social drama always had a sexual component and, increasingly, a spiritual dimension. Magnani?’s character, a tragic earth mother and modern Madonna, is also a prostitute. Accattone (1961), the first film he directed, has as its hero a Roman pimp (Franco Citti) who exhibits notably (and, at the time, scandalously) Christlike attributes. The collision between transgressive sexuality and religious meaning would become a more and more pronounced feature of Pasolini?’s work in the 1960s, as he moved away from realism toward allegory, medieval literature and the Bible itself.
Una scena di 'Accattone2, 1961
The sacred and the profane commingle in Pasolini?’s work, giving it some of its volatile beauty. Similarly, his militant commitment to the proletariat - he proclaimed his allegiance to the Italian Communist Party in 1947 - coexists with a fierce hostility to modernity, and a suspicion of the idea of historical progress.?

But his films, finally, cannot really be assimilated to any ideological or aesthetic program. Certainly his last movie, Sal?, or the 120 Days of Sodom (1975), based on a novel by the Marquis de Sade and set during the decadent phase of Mussolini?’s regime, is unmatched in its moral extremity and sexual cruelty. Not even today?’s cinematic torture maestros will go where Pasolini did in the orchestration and observation of cruelty.

?“Sal??” is not for the faint of heart, or for those who wish to continue believing in the possibility of human goodness. But that is not to say there is anything sentimental or compromised about the rest of Pasolini?’s work. It springs from the tormented sensibility and rigorous intellect of a man who lived and died at the heart of some of the modern world?’s most painful contradictions. More than three decades after his death, his best films still feel like news.

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Understanding Pasolini by Revisiting His Work, By A. O. Scott

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